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| | ÃÏæÇÊ ÇáãæÖæÚ |
| | #1 |
| ÚÖæ ãæÞæÝ ãä ÇáÇÏÇÑå ÇáÏæáÉ: ![]() ÑæÇÈØ ÅÚáÇäíÉ | ÇáßÑæÓæãÇÊ ÇáÏßÊæÑÉ ÑäÇ ÇáÔÇãí Chromosomes : The blocks of genetic material in the nuclei of all cells in the body. They carry the genes – the unit responsible for the transmission of the parental characteristics to the offspring and also for passing on essential information with each cell division during the development of the embryo , during the growth of a baby to an adult , and throughout life . The material that makes up the chromosomes is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) . Human cell contain 23 pairs of chromosomes , 22 are identical pairs , but the 23rd pairs , the sex chromosomes , are identical only in the females , who have two-xx chromosomes . In males the 23rd pairs contains only one x chromosome and a smaller y chromosome . The sex cells themselves ( the spermatozoa and ova ) contain only half the normal number of chromosome – one of each of the 23 pairs – so that when fertilization take place the full complement of 46 is restored . If this balance disturbed , many congenital defects such as Down s syndrome (mongolism) will be the result , less obvious mutations are also responsible for disorders such as hemophilia and muscular dystrophy. Other examples : Calcium : 8.4-10.2mg/dl Catecholamines Cerebrospinal fluid pressure 70-180mm water volume 100-160ml Ceruloplasmin : 20-46mg/dl Chloride : 98-106mmol/L As well as in : Cholesterol ….. Complement components …. Copper … Cortisol … Creatinine |
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| | #2 |
| |[ ÚÜÖÜæ ãÜÜÇÓÜí ]| ÇáÏæáÉ: ![]() | |
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| | #3 |
| |[ ÚÜÖÜæ ãÜÊÜÃáÜÞ ]| ÇáÏæáÉ: ![]() | ÊÕÏÞæä Çäí ãÇÝåãÊ æáÇ Ôí åååååå |
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| | #4 |
| |[ ÚÜÖÜæ ãÜÔÜÇÑß ]| ÇáÏæáÉ: ![]() | íÚØíßí ÇáÚÇÝíå Úáì ãÌåæÏß ÈÓ ÇäÇ ãÇÚÑÝ ÇÞÑÇÁ ÇäÌáíÒí |
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| | #5 |
| |¦ ãÜÔÜÑÝÜÉ ¦| .. ѕιlєпτ ѕơυl ޓ ÇáÏæáÉ: ![]() | ÊÑÌãæå ÈÇáæÇÝí ÊÝåãæäå åæ ÊÚÑíÝ ááßÑæãæÓæãÇÊ æ ÔÑÍ áÚãáå æãßæäÇÊå ÈÓ .. íÓáãææææææ Ú ÑÞí ØÑÍß Ïæææã íÇ ÑÈ ÇáÊãíÒ æ ÇáÇÈÏÇÚ áÇ ÚÏãäÇ ØáÊß ÇáÍáæææÉ ääÊÙÑ ÌÏíÏß ÇáããíÒ ÏÇÆãÇð æÏí æ æÑÏí |
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| ÇáÅÔÇÑÇÊ ÇáãÑÌÚíÉ |
| ÃÏæÇÊ ÇáãæÖæÚ | |
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| ÇáãæÖæÚ | ÇáßÇÊÈ | ÇáãäÊÏì | ÇáÑÏæÏ | ÂÎÑ ãÔÇÑßÉ |
| ÕÚæÈÉ ÇáÊÚáã..ÚäÏ ÇáÃØÝÇá ÞÏ ÊÑÊÈØ ÈÎáá Ýí ÇáßÑæãæÓæãÇÊ | ÇáÅãÈÑÇØæÑ~ | ÇØÝÇá × ÚÇáã ÇáØÝá | 9 | 28-08-06 05:29 PM |